Journal
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
Volume 31, Issue 11, Pages 1837-1843Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/jgh.13380
Keywords
esophageal cancer; breath; PTR-MS; non-invasive; volatile organic compound
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21477132, 81401756, 21107112]
- National Key Technology Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2015BAI01B04, 2013BAH14F01]
- Anhui Provincial Program for Science and Technology Development, China [1301042095, 1604d0802001]
- Innovative Program of Development Foundation of Hefei Center for Physical Science and Technology, China [2014FXCX007]
- Science and Technology Service Network Initiative, Chinese Academy of Sciences [KFJ-SW-STS-161]
- Medical Research of Nanjing Military, China [12MA031]
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Background: Esophageal cancer is a prevalent malignancy. There is a considerable demand for developing a fast and noninvasive method to screen out the suspect esophageal cancer patients who may undergo further clinical diagnosis. Methods: The exhaled breathes from 29 esophageal cancer patients and 57 healthy people were directly measured using our home-made proton transfer reaction mass spectrometer (PTR-MS). Mann-Whitney U test and stepwise discriminant analysis were applied to identify the ions in the breath mass spectral data which can distinguish cancer cohort from healthy group. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis was also performed. Results: Seven kinds of ions in the breath mass spectrum, viz., m/z 136, m/z 34, m/z 63, m/z 27, m/z 95, m/z 107 andm/z 45, have been found to distinguish between the esophageal cancer patients and healthy people with a sensitivity of 86.2% and a specificity of 89.5%, respectively. Compared with that from the healthy people, the breath mass spectra from esophageal cancer patients show that the mediant intensities of five kinds of ions were decrease and the rest two kinds of ions were increase. ROC analysis gave the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.943. Conclusions: This pilot study shows that the ionic characteristics of exhaled VOCs detected by PTR-MS may be used to differentiate between the esophageal cancer patients and the healthy people. Although the breath tests for more patients are needed to confirm such results, the present work indicates that the PTR-MS may be a promising method in the esophageal cancer screening.
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