Journal
JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES
Volume 40, Issue 5, Pages 703-715Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12523
Keywords
aquatic animal health; Chilodonellidae; ciliate parasites; fish disease; fish farming; free-living ciliates
Funding
- Australian Society for Parasitology
- James Cook University
- Queensland Government's Smart Futures Program, James Cook University
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Freshwater fish farming contributes to more than two-thirds of global aquaculture production. Parasitic ciliates are one of the largest causes of production loss in freshwater farmed fishes, with species from the genus Chilodonella being particularly problematic. While Chilodonella spp. include free-living' fauna, some species are involved in mortality events of fish, particularly in high-density aquaculture. Indeed, chilodonellosis causes major productivity losses in over 16 species of farmed freshwater fishes in more than 14 countries. Traditionally, Chilodonella species are identified based on morphological features; however, the genus comprises yet uncharacterized cryptic species, which indicates the necessity for molecular diagnostic methods. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the biology, ecology and geographic distribution of harmful Chilodonella spp. and examines pathological signs, diagnostic methods and treatments. Recent advances in molecular diagnostics and the ability to culture Chilodonella spp. invitro will enable the development of preventative management practices and sustained freshwater fish aquaculture production.
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