4.7 Review

Current Progress for Retrospective Identification of Nerve Agent Biomarkers in Biological Samples after Exposure

Related references

Note: Only part of the references are listed.
Article Biochemical Research Methods

Identification of 2-(diethylamino)ethylthiol dipeptide (Cys-Pro) adduct as biomarker of nerve agents VR and CVX in human plasma using liquid chromatography-high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry

Timur M. Baygildiev et al.

Summary: Organophosphorus nerve agents are a significant threat to human health, with V-type poisonous substances such as VX, CVX, and VR being the most toxic compounds. A method for determining trace amounts of nerve agents in human plasma was proposed, showing good specificity of detection.

ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (2021)

Article Toxicology

Forensic analysis of soman exposure using characteristic fragment ions from protein adducts

F. Fu et al.

Summary: A forensic analysis technique based on mass spectrometry coupled with proteomics approach has been established for verifying GD poisoning. The investigation of fragmentation pathways and product ions related to GD-based protein adducts support the development of a simple and precise method for rapidly verifying GD poisoning.

HUMAN & EXPERIMENTAL TOXICOLOGY (2021)

Article Toxicology

Extended retrospective detection of regenerated sarin (GB) in rabbit blood and the IMPA metabolite in urine: a pharmacokinetics study

Merav Blanca et al.

Summary: Long-term retrospective monitoring of exposure to organophosphorus nerve agents is challenging. Two highly sensitive analytical methods were developed for regenerated sarin and its primary metabolite in a toxicokinetics study in rabbits. The methods exhibited the longest monitoring time frame reported in biological samples, showing differences in the elimination patterns of IMPA in urine and regenerated sarin in blood, with rapid and slow decay, respectively.

ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY (2021)

Article Medicine, Legal

Evidence of exposure to organophosphorus toxicants by detection of the propionylated butyrylcholinesterase-derived nonapeptide-adduct as a novel biomarker

Harald John et al.

Summary: Organophosphorus nerve agents are highly toxic chemical warfare agents banned by the Chemical Weapons Convention, but they have been used for warfare, assassination, and murder in recent years. A novel class of NP-adduct derivatives propionylated at its N-terminal phenylalanine residue has been developed for sensitive forensic analysis, especially when the OP agent does not form adducts with HSA. This method has been successfully applied to nerve agent-spiked samples and plasma samples of real cases of pesticide poisoning.

FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL (2021)

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Analysis of Organophosphorus-Based Nerve Agent Degradation Products by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS): Current Derivatization Reactions in the Analytical Chemist's Toolbox

Carlos A. Valdez et al.

Summary: The field of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in the analysis of chemical warfare agents, particularly focusing on organophosphorus-based nerve agents, is constantly evolving and essential for the rapid and accurate detection of these lethal agents. Derivatization reactions, primarily silylations and alkylations, have played a crucial role in efficiently detecting products arising from the degradation of these nerve agents for retrospective identification.

MOLECULES (2021)

Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Butyrylcholinesterase, a stereospecific in vivo bioscavenger against nerve agent intoxication

Douglas M. Cerasoli et al.

BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY (2020)

Article Biochemical Research Methods

Instantaneous monitoring of free sarin in whole blood by dry blood spot-thermal desorption-GC-FPD/MS analysis

Dana Marder et al.

JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES (2020)

Article Biochemical Research Methods

Identification of S419 on human serum albumin as a novel biomarker for sarin and cyclosarin exposure

Feiyan Fu et al.

RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY (2020)

Review Medicine, General & Internal

Nerve agents: emergency preparedness

Alan George Andrew Weir et al.

BMJ MILITARY HEALTH (2020)

News Item Multidisciplinary Sciences

Obscure Cold War nerve agents set to be banned

Richard Stone

SCIENCE (2019)

Article Biochemical Research Methods

A Novel Potential Biomarker on Y263 Site in Human Serum Albumin Poisoned by Six Nerve Agents

Feiyan Fu et al.

JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES (2019)

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Nerve Agents: What They Are, How They Work, How to Counter Them

Stefano Costanzi et al.

ACS CHEMICAL NEUROSCIENCE (2018)

Article Chemistry, Analytical

Simultaneous Time-concentration Analysis of Soman and VX Adducts to Butyrylcholinesterase and Albumin by LC-MS-MS

Jin Young Lee et al.

JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY (2018)

Article Biochemical Research Methods

Dry Blood Spot sample collection for post-exposure monitoring of chemical warfare agents - In vivo determination of phosphonic acids using LC-MS/MS

Lilach Yishai Aviram et al.

JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES (2018)

News Item Multidisciplinary Sciences

Chemical attacks highlight need for better forensics

Declan Butler

NATURE (2018)

Article Chemistry, Analytical

Use of Hupresin To Capture Red Blood Cell Acetylcholinesterase for Detection of Soman Exposure

Seda Onder et al.

ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (2018)

Article Biochemical Research Methods

Mass spectral characterization of tabun-labeled lysine biomarkers in albumin

Fengjuan Sun et al.

JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES (2017)

Article Biochemical Research Methods

Rapid IC-MS/MS determination of methylphosphonic acid in urine of rats exposed to organophosphorus nerve agents

Timur Baygildiev et al.

JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES (2017)

Article Chemistry, Medicinal

Immunopurification of Acetylcholinesterase from Red Blood Cells for Detection of Nerve Agent Exposure

Alicia J. Dafferner et al.

CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY (2017)

Article Chemistry, Analytical

Evaluation of Multiple Blood Matrices for Assessment of Human Exposure to Nerve Agents

Nicholas D. Schulze et al.

JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY (2016)

Review Toxicology

Biological markers of exposure to organophosphorus nerve agents

Robin M. Black et al.

ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY (2013)

Article Chemistry, Medicinal

Polyclonal Antibody to Soman-Tyrosine

Bin Li et al.

CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY (2013)

Article Chemistry, Medicinal

PHOS-Select Iron Affinity Beads Enrich Peptides for the Detection of Organophosphorus Adducts on Albumin

Wei Jiang et al.

CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY (2013)

Article Chemistry, Analytical

Immunomagnetic Separation and Quantification of Butyrylcholinesterase Nerve Agent Adducts in Human Serum

Jennifer L. S. Sporty et al.

ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (2010)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Review of tyrosine and lysine as new motifs for organophosphate binding to proteins that have no active site serine

Oksana Lockridge et al.

CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS (2010)

Article Biochemical Research Methods

Comprehensive gas chromatography with Time of Flight MS and large volume introduction for the detection of fluoride-induced regenerated nerve agent in biological samples

J. A. van der Meer et al.

JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES (2010)

Article Biochemical Research Methods

History and perspectives of bioanalytical methods for chemical warfare agent detection

Robin M. Black

JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES (2010)

Article Biochemical Research Methods

Development of an automated on-line pepsin digestion-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry configuration for the rapid analysis of protein adducts of chemical warfare agents

Jeroen Carol-Visser et al.

JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES (2008)

Article Clinical Neurology

Sarin experiences in Japan: Acute toxicity and long-term effects

N. Yanagisawa et al.

JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES (2006)

Article Biochemical Research Methods

Detection of human butyrylcholinesterase-nerve gas adducts by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis after in gel chymotryptic digestion

Kouichiro Tsuge et al.

JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES (2006)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Markers of organophosphate exposure in human serum

Stacy Wieseler et al.

JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE (2006)

Review Toxicology

Protein adduct formation as a molecular mechanism in neurotoxicity

RM LoPachin et al.

TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES (2005)

Article Chemistry, Analytical

Improvements of the fluoride reactivation method for the verification of nerve agent exposure

CEAM Degenhardt et al.

JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY (2004)

Review Pediatrics

Nerve agent attacks on children: Diagnosis and management

JS Rotenberg et al.

PEDIATRICS (2003)

Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Biomonitoring of exposure to chemical warfare agents: A review

D Noort et al.

TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY (2002)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Microbiological, biological, and chemical weapons of warfare and terrorism

RA Greenfield et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF THE MEDICAL SCIENCES (2002)