Journal
PHARMACEUTICALS
Volume 15, Issue 8, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ph15080932
Keywords
Ligustrum lucidum; secoligulene; anti-inflammation; iridoid; psoriasis model
Categories
Funding
- Medical Research Center program [2017R1A5A2015541]
- Regional Innovation Strategy (RIS) through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education (MOE)
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A new anti-inflammatory compound, secoligulene, was isolated from the fruits of Ligustrum lucidum. It showed strong inhibitory effect on NO production and downregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Further investigation revealed its mechanism of action through inhibiting signal pathways. These findings highlight the potential therapeutic effects of Ligustrum lucidum and its constituents on inflammation-related skin diseases.
Ligustrum lucidum Aiton is a flowering plant of the Oleaceae family, and its fruits have been traditionally used for skin nourishment and the treatment of skin diseases. However, the anti-inflammatory constituents for skin disease are not well-characterized. Phytochemical investigation of L. lucidum fruits resulted in the isolation of a new secoiridoid, secoligulene (1), together with (E)-3-(1-oxobut-2-en-2-yl)pentanedioic acid (2) and trans-(E)-3-(1-oxobut-2-en-2-yl)glutaric acid (3). Secoligulene (1) displayed the potent inhibitory effect on NO production with an IC50 value of 12.0 mu g/mL. Secoligulene (1) also downregulated mRNA transcriptional levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6 and COX-2 in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Further investigation showed that secoligulene (1) inhibited the phosphorylation of I kappa B and JNK activated by LPS. In addition, secoligulene (1) downregulated the expression of chemokines such as CXCL8 and CCL20 in the TNF-alpha/IL-17/IFN-gamma induced HaCaT psoriasis model. Taken together, these findings support the beneficial effects of L. lucidum and its constituents on inflammation-related skin diseases and can be further developed as therapeutic treatments for related diseases.
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