Journal
ANTIBIOTICS-BASEL
Volume 11, Issue 6, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11060817
Keywords
Bixa orellana; bioprospecting; in silico; Tenebrio molitor; anti-mycobacteria activity; anti-inflammatory activity
Categories
Funding
- FAPEMA-Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico do Maranhao [UNIVERSAL-01032/19, UNIVERSAL-0965/19, BEPP-01667/21, BM-01729/19]
- FAPEMA/CAPES [ACT-05691/21]
- CAPES-Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior [001]
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPQ) [315072/2020-2]
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Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. massiliense is a bacteria that causes chronic infections, and new antimycobacterial agents are needed to combat it. In this study, the ethyl acetate fraction of Bixa orellana leaves and ellagic acid were found to have antimycobacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that these substances exhibited antimicrobial effects against Mabs and reduced inflammation. The high binding affinities of ellagic acid to specific enzymes may explain its biological activities.
Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. massiliense (Mabs) causes chronic infections, which has led to the need for new antimycobacterial agents. In this study, we investigated the antimycobacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of the ethyl acetate fraction of Bixa orellana leaves (BoEA) and ellagic acid (ElAc). In silico analysis predicted that ElAc had low toxicity, was not mutagenic or carcinogenic, and had antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. Apparently, ElAc can interact with COX2 and Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) enzymes, which could explain both activities. In vitro analysis showed that BoEA and ElAc exerted antimicrobial activity against Mabs (minimum inhibitory concentration of 1.56, 1.56 mg/mL and bactericidal concentration of 6.25, 3.12 mg/mL, respectively. Clarithromycin showed MIC and MBC of 1 and 6 mu g/mL). Treatment with BoEA or ElAc increased survival of Tenebrio molitor larvae after lethal infection with Mabs and reduced carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice, around 40% of edema volume after the fourth hour, similarly to diclofenac. In conclusion, BoEA and ElAc exert antimicrobial effects against Mabs and have anti-inflammatory effects, making them potential sources of antimycobacterial drugs. The biological activities of ElAc may be due to its high binding affinities predicted for COX2 and DHFR enzymes.
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