High Fecal Prevalence of mcr-Positive Escherichia coli in Veal Calves at Slaughter in France

The aim of this study was to determine the percentage of healthy veal calves carrying mcr-positive E. coli strains at the time of slaughter in France. Fecal samples were selectively screened for mcr-positive E. coli isolates using media supplemented with colistin. Screening for mcr genes was also carried out in E. coli isolates resistant to critically important antimicrobials used in human medicine recovered from the same fecal samples. Overall, 28 (16.5%) out of the 170 veal calves tested carried mcr-positive E. coli. As some calves carried several non-redundant mcr-positive strains, 41 mcr-positive E. coli were recovered. Thirty-one and seven strains were positive for mcr-1 and mcr-3 genes, respectively, while no strain was positive for the mcr-2 gene. Co-carriage of mcr-1 and mcr-3 was identified in three strains. All mcr-positive E. coli isolates, except one, were multidrug-resistant, with 56.1% being ciprofloxacin-resistant and 31.7% harboring bla(CTX-M) genes. All mcr-3-positive E. coli carried bla(CTX-M) genes, mainly bla(CTX-M-55). This study highlights the high prevalence of mcr-positive E. coli strains in feces of veal calves at the time of slaughter. It also points out the multidrug (including ciprofloxacin) resistance of such strains and the co-occurrence of mcr-3 genes with bla(CTX-M-55) genes.

Automated summary

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of mcr-positive E. coli strains in veal calves at the time of slaughter in France. Results showed that 16.5% of the tested calves carried mcr-positive E. coli, with some calves carrying multiple non-redundant strains. The majority of the mcr-positive isolates were multidrug-resistant, including resistance to ciprofloxacin, and carried bla(CTX-M) genes. The study also found the co-occurrence of mcr-3 genes with bla(CTX-M-55) genes.