Fumigant Toxicity and Nymph Production Deterrence Effect of Three Essential Oils Against Two Aphid Species in the Laboratory Condition

Nowadays, usage of pesticides is one of the primary methods in aphids control and have an important role in pest control, but improper use of them are causing adverse effects on non-target organisms and the environment. Essential oils due to volatility and very short-term persistence in the environment, as biocompatible pesticides can be considered as one of the alternatives to chemical pesticides in aphid's control. This study was conducted to determine the insecticidal activity and nymph production deterrent of three essential oils from Savory, Satureja isophylla Rech., Cinnamon, Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume. and Fennel, Foeniculum vulgare Mill. against Brevicoryne brassica L. and the black aphid, Aphis fabae Scop. (Hemiptera: Aphididae) under laboratory conditions 25 +/- 2 degrees C, 65 +/- 5 % RH and 16L: 8D photoperiods. Mortality was evaluated at different concentrations that ranging from 0.71 to 282.35 mu L/L air, and with 6 replications at the interim of 24 hours. The results showed that essential oils have toxicity both aphids. Oils toxicity effect on A. fabae was more than B. brassicae and also the highest deterrence effect was related to Fennel essential oil on B. brassica.