Journal
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
Volume 10, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.950767
Keywords
VAPB; PTPIP51; endoplasmic reticulum; mitochondria; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Categories
Funding
- United Kingdom Medical Research Council [MR/R022666/1]
- Alzheimer's Research United Kingdom
- Alzheimer's Society
- Motor Neurone Disease Association Fellowship
- King's College Guy's and St Thomas's studentship
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This study investigates the alterations in VAPB-PTPIP51 tethers in the spinal cords of ALS patients and healthy individuals. The findings show a reduction in VAPB protein levels and disrupted VAPB-PTPIP51 tethers in ALS patients.
Signaling between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria regulates many neuronal functions that are perturbed in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and perturbation to ER-mitochondria signaling is seen in cell and transgenic models of ALS. However, there is currently little evidence that ER-mitochondria signaling is altered in human ALS. ER-mitochondria signaling is mediated by interactions between the integral ER protein VAPB and the outer mitochondrial membrane protein PTPIP51 which act to recruit and tether regions of ER to the mitochondrial surface. The VAPB-PTPI51 tethers are now known to regulate a number of ER-mitochondria signaling functions. These include delivery of Ca2+ from ER stores to mitochondria, mitochondrial ATP production, autophagy and synaptic activity. Here we investigate the VAPB-PTPIP51 tethers in post-mortem control and ALS spinal cords. We show that VAPB protein levels are reduced in ALS. Proximity ligation assays were then used to quantify the VAPB-PTPIP51 interaction in spinal cord motor neurons in control and ALS cases. These studies revealed that the VAPB-PTPIP51 tethers are disrupted in ALS. Thus, we identify a new pathogenic event in post-mortem ALS.
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