Journal
CELLS
Volume 11, Issue 15, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/cells11152448
Keywords
gastrointestinal cancers; noncoding RNAs; chemoresistance; biomarkers; therapeutic targets; disparities
Categories
Funding
- Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas [RP210153]
- National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) [5U54MD007592]
- National Institute of Health [SC1GM144171]
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This article reviews the regulatory functions of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the development, progression, chemoresistance, and health disparities of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer. It also highlights the potential roles of ncRNAs as therapeutic targets and biomarkers, with a focus on their ethnicity-/race-specific prognostic value. The prospects of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in investigating the contribution of ncRNAs in GI tumorigenesis are also discussed.
Annually, more than a million individuals are diagnosed with gastrointestinal (GI) cancers worldwide. With the advancements in radio- and chemotherapy and surgery, the survival rates for GI cancer patients have improved in recent years. However, the prognosis for advanced-stage GI cancers remains poor. Site-specific GI cancers share a few common risk factors; however, they are largely distinct in their etiologies and descriptive epidemiologic profiles. A large number of mutations or copy number changes associated with carcinogenesis are commonly found in noncoding DNA regions, which transcribe several noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) that are implicated to regulate cancer initiation, metastasis, and drug resistance. In this review, we summarize the regulatory functions of ncRNAs in GI cancer development, progression, chemoresistance, and health disparities. We also highlight the potential roles of ncRNAs as therapeutic targets and biomarkers, mainly focusing on their ethnicity-/race-specific prognostic value, and discuss the prospects of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to investigate the contribution of ncRNAs in GI tumorigenesis.
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