Journal
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
Volume 10, Issue 7, Pages -Publisher
BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-004906
Keywords
Costimulatory and Inhibitory T-Cell Receptors; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Combined Modality Therapy; Immunotherapy; Adoptive; Translational Medical Research
Categories
Funding
- NIH Intramural Research Program
- NIH Cooperative Research and Development Agreement
- Kite, a Gilead Company
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PD-1 blockade primarily acts through endogenous T cells rather than transferred T cells to mediate a non-synergistic antitumor effect in solid tumor cell therapy.
Background Cell therapy has shown promise in the treatment of certain solid tumors, but its efficacy may be limited by inhibition of therapeutic T cells by the programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) receptor. Clinical trials are testing cell therapy in combination with PDCD1 disruption or PD-1-axis blockade. However, preclinical data to support these approaches and to guide the treatment design are lacking. Methods Mechanisms of tumor regression and interaction between cell therapy and PD-1 blockade were investigated in congenic murine tumor models based on targeting established, solid tumors with T-cell receptor T cells directed against tumor-restricted, non-self antigens (ie, tumor neoantigens). Results In solid tumor models of cell therapy, PD-1 blockade mediated a reproducible but non-synergistic increase in tumor regression following adoptive T-cell transfer. Tumor regression was associated with increased tumor infiltration by endogenous T cells but not by transferred T cells. The effect was independent of PD-1 receptor expression by transferred T cells and was dependent on the endogenous T-cell repertoire and on tumor antigenicity. PD-1 blockade primarily induced cell state changes in endogenous tumor-antigen-specific T cells rather than transferred T cells. Conclusions Together, these findings support the concept that PD-1 blockade acts primarily through endogenous rather than transferred T cells to mediate a non-synergistic antitumor effect in solid tumor cell therapy. These findings have important implications for strategies to leverage PD-1 receptor disruption or blockade to enhance the efficacy of cell therapy.
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