Focusing on OB-OC-Mφ Axis and miR-23a to Explore the Pathogenesis and Treatment Strategy of Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a bone metabolic disorder characterized by decreased bone density and deteriorated microstructure, which increases the risk of fractures. The imbalance between bone formation and bone resorption results in the occurrence and progression of osteoporosis. Osteoblast-mediated bone formation, osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and macrophage-regulated inflammatory response play a central role in the process of bone remodeling, which together maintain the balance of the osteoblast-osteoclast-macrophage (OB-OC-M phi) axis under physiological conditions. Bone formation and bone resorption disorders caused by the imbalance of OB-OC-M phi axis contribute to osteoporosis. Many microRNAs are involved in the regulation of OB-OC-M phi axis homeostasis, with microRNA-23a (miR-23a) being particularly crucial. MiR-23a is highly expressed in the pathological process of osteoporosis, which eventually leads to the occurrence and further progression of osteoporosis by inhibiting osteogenesis, promoting bone resorption and inflammatory polarization of macrophages. This review focuses on the role and mechanism of miR-23a in regulating the OB-OC-M phi axis to provide new clinical strategies for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.

Automated summary

Osteoporosis is a bone metabolic disorder characterized by decreased bone density and deteriorated microstructure, which increase the risk of fractures. The imbalance between bone formation and bone resorption leads to the occurrence and progression of osteoporosis. The roles of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and macrophages in bone remodeling are essential for maintaining the balance of the OB-OC-M phi axis. MicroRNA-23a (miR-23a) plays a crucial role in regulating this axis, and its high expression in osteoporosis inhibits osteogenesis, promotes bone resorption, and induces macrophage inflammatory polarization, ultimately contributing to the development of osteoporosis. This review focuses on the role and mechanism of miR-23a in regulating the OB-OC-M phi axis, providing new clinical strategies for osteoporosis prevention and treatment.