4.7 Article

Negative Correlation Between 18F-RGD Uptake via PET and Tumoral PD-L1 Expression in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Journal

FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
Volume 13, Issue -, Pages -

Publisher

FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.913631

Keywords

18 F-RGD PET; negative correlation; tumoral PD-L1 expression; SUVmax; non-small cell lung cancer

Funding

  1. Academic Promotion Program of Shandong First Medical University [2019ZL002]
  2. Research Unit of Radiation Oncology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences [2019RU071]
  3. foundation of National Natural Science Foundation of China [81627901, 81972863, 82030082]
  4. foundation of Natural Science Foundation of Shandong [ZR201911040452]
  5. National Natural Science Foundation of China [81972864, 82172720]
  6. Science and Technology Support Plan for Youth Innovation Teams of Universities in Shandong Province [2019KJL001]
  7. Bethune.Translational Medicine Research Fundation for Tumor Radiotherapy [flzh202106]

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The study investigated the correlation of F-18-RGD uptake during PET with tumoral PD-L1 expression and explored its potential in immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment. Both mouse experiments and clinical studies showed that higher uptake of F-18-RGD correlated with depressed PD-L1 expression in tumor cells. SUVmax was found to be the best parameter for displaying tumor PD-L1 expression.
PurposeWe investigated the correlation of F-18-AlF-NOTAPRGD2 (F-18-RGD) uptake during positron emission tomography (PET) with tumoral programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and explored its potential in immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment. MethodsForty-two mice were subcutaneously injected with CMT-167 lung carcinoma cells. A total of 30 mice with good growth tumor and good general condition were selected. F-18-RGD PET scanning was performed on days 0, 2, 4, 6, 9, and 11 with five mice per day. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for PD-L1 was performed on each specimen obtained from tumors. Thirty patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were scanned using F-18-RGD PET/CT, and Milliplex multifactor detection analyzed serum PD-1/PD-L1 expression of twenty-eight of them. Thirteen of them were analyzed immunohistochemically using core needle biopsy samples obtained from primary tumors. ResultsThirty mice were scanned by F-18-RGD PET/CT and analyzed for PD-L1 expression in tumor cells by IHC finally. Maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) and mean SUV (SUVmean) were significantly lower in relatively-higher-PD-L1-expression tumors than in relatively-low-PD-L1-expression tumors (P < 0.05). In patients, the SUVmax was significantly negatively correlated with tumoral PD-L1 expression by IHC (P=0.014). SUVmean, peak SUV (SUVpeak), and gross tumor volume (GTV) were also negatively correlated with PD-L1, but without significance (P > 0.05). SUVmax, SUVmean, SUVpeak, and GTV were negatively correlated with serum PD-1 and PD-L1, but not significantly. According to the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, significant correlations between SUVmax and tumoral PD-L1 expression in both mice and patients were present (P < 0.05). ConclusionHigher F-18-RGD uptake is correlated with depressed PD-L1 expression in tumor cells, and SUVmax is the best parameter to display tumoral expression of PD-L1. F-18-RGD PET may be useful for reflecting the immune status of NSCLC.

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