4.6 Article

A Low-Cost Paper-Based Device for the Colorimetric Quantification of Bilirubin in Serum Using Smartphone Technology

Journal

FRONTIERS IN CHEMISTRY
Volume 10, Issue -, Pages -

Publisher

FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.869086

Keywords

diagnostics; paper microfluidics; object detection; image processing; bilirubin

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This article introduces a device called the KromaHealth Kit, which utilizes image processing and machine learning technology to quantitatively measure total bilirubin in human serum. By depositing biochemical assays on absorbent paper pads and using a dedicated smartphone app to capture images of colorimetric changes, the device can convert them into quantitative values of bilirubin. The research indicates that the KromaHealth Kit can serve as an inexpensive alternative to traditional bilirubin testing in clinical settings, offering high precision, ease-of-use, long shelf-life, and short turnaround time.
Total bilirubin values have been used as a potential marker to pre-screen and diagnose various liver-based diseases such as jaundice, bile obstruction, liver cancer, etc. A device known as KromaHealth Kit, composed of paper and an acrylic backbone, is developed to quantify total bilirubin in human serum using image processing and machine learning technology. The biochemical assays are deposited on absorbent paper pads that act as reaction zones when serum is added. A dedicated smartphone app captures images of the colorimetric changes on the pad and converts them into quantitative values of bilirubin. The range of bilirubin concentration that can be quantified using the device ranges from 0.5 mg/dl to 7.0 mg/dl. The precision, limit of detection, interference analysis, linearity, stability, and comparison with a predicate are studied in this paper in accordance with clinical and laboratory standards institute. The results indicate that the KromaHealth Kit can be used as an inexpensive alternative to conventional bilirubin testing in clinical settings. With its level of precision, ease-of-use, long shelf-life, and short turnaround time, it will prove to be invaluable in limited-resource settings.

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