Journal
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
Volume 179, Issue -, Pages 93-102Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.04.055
Keywords
Phytoremediation; Heavy metals; Chelants; Zea mays L.; Rhizosphere bacterial community
Categories
Funding
- University of Salerno (Fondo d'Ateneo per la Ricerca di Base, FARB) [ORSA120994]
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Heavy metals (HMs) are one of the major ecological problem related to human activities. Phytoremediation is a promising green technology for soil and water reclamation, and it can be improved by means of the use of chelants. In the past particular attention was paid on the effects of HMs and/or chelants on plant health, but much less on their effects on rhizosphere communities. To shed light on the interaction among plant-HM-chelant-rhizobacterial community a pot experiment was set up. Maize plants were grown on uncontaminated, multi-metal (copper and zinc) contaminated and chelants artificially amended soils. A high concentration of HMs was detected in the different maize organs; chelants improved the accumulation capacity of the maize plants. The rhizosphere bacterial community isolated from control plants showed the largest biodiversity in terms of bacterial genera. However, the addition of HMs reduced the number of taxa to three: Bacillus, Lysinibacillus and Pseudomonas. The effects of HM treatment were counteracted by the addition of chelants in terms of the genetic biodiversity. Furthermore, several bacterial strains particularly resistant to HMs and chelants were isolated and selected. Our study suggests that the combined use of resistant bacteria and chelants could improve the phytoremediation capacity of maize. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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