Peripheral Hemolysis in Relation to Iron Rim Presence and Brain Volume in Multiple Sclerosis

Background:Iron rim lesions (IRLs) represent chronic lesion activity and are associated with a more severe disease course in multiple sclerosis (MS). How the iron rims around the lesions arise in patients with MS (pwMS), and whether peripheral hemolysis may be a source of iron in rim associated macrophages, is unclear. ObjectiveTo determine a potential correlation between peripheral hemolysis parameters and IRL presence in pwMS. MethodsThis retrospective study included pwMS, who underwent a 3T brain MRI between 2015 and 2020 and had a blood sample drawn at +/- 2 weeks. Patients with vertigo served as a control group. ResultsWe analyzed 75 pwMS (mean age 37.0 years [SD 9.0], 53.3% female) and 43 controls (mean age 38.3 years [SD 9.8], 51.2% female). Median number of IRLs was 1 (IQR 4), 28 (37.3%) pwMS had no IRLs. IRL patients showed significantly higher Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) compared to non-IRL patients (median EDSS 2.3 [IQR 2.9] vs. 1.3 [IQR 2.9], p = 0.017). Number of IRLs correlated significantly with disease duration (r(s) = 0.239, p = 0.039), EDSS (r(s) = 0.387, p < 0.001) and Multiple Sclerosis Severity Scale (MSSS) (r(s) = 0.289, p = 0.014). There was no significant difference in hemolysis parameters between non-IRL, IRL patients (regardless of gender and/or disease type) and controls, nor between hemolysis parameters and the number of IRLs. Total brain volume was associated with fibrinogen (beta= -0.34, 95% CI -1.32 to -0.145, p = 0.016), and absolute cortical and total gray matter volumes were associated with hemoglobin (beta = 0.34, 95% CI 3.39-24.68, p = 0.011; beta = 0.33, 95% CI 3.29-28.95, p = 0.015; respectively). ConclusionOur data do not suggest an association between hemolysis parameters and IRL presence despite a significant association between these parameters and markers for neurodegeneration.

Automated summary

This study did not find an association between hemolysis parameters and iron rim lesions, despite a significant association between these parameters and markers for neurodegeneration.