Prevention of omalizumab for seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis: a retrospective cohort study

BackgroundAllergic rhinoconjunctivitis (ARC) is an allergic disease that is characterized by conjunctival and nasal symptoms such as edema and congestion of conjunctiva, rhinorrhea, sneezing, and blocked nose. Seasonal ARC (SARC) is usually induced by seasonal allergens and often occurs at specific times during the year. Traditional treatments of SARC include nasal corticosteroids, antihistamines, and mast cell membrane stabilizers. Biological agents such as omalizumab have also been proved effective in the treatment of SARC. ObjectivesWe aim to certify the preventative efficacy of omalizumab for SARC and explore its influence factors. MethodsMedical records of 64 SARC patients were retrospectively analyzed, and generalized linear models were used to analyze influence factors of efficacy of omalizumab. ResultsCompared with forepassed pollen season without omalizumab treatment, the combined symptom and medication score (CSMS) of ARC with pre-seasonal omalizumab was significantly lower (with omalizumab: 0.67[0.00,1.83], without omalizumab: 4.00[2.83,4.96], p<0.001, max score=6). Subgroup analysis was conducted to explore the influence factor of preventative efficacy of omalizumab. The CSMS with omalizumab treatment were not significantly different among different age, gender, dosage, number of injections, and injection date subgroups (p>0.05). ConclusionPre-seasonal omalizumab treatment could significantly relieve SARC related symptoms and reduce medication use. This preventative efficacy would not be influenced by the dosage and number of injections of omalizumab. A single dose of 150mg omalizumab could achieve a satisfactory outcome.

Automated summary

This study aimed to evaluate the preventative efficacy of omalizumab for seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (SARC) and explore its influencing factors. The retrospective analysis of patients' medical records found that pre-seasonal omalizumab treatment could significantly alleviate SARC-related symptoms and reduce medication use. The dosage and number of injections of omalizumab did not affect the preventative efficacy, with a single dose of 150mg achieving satisfactory outcomes.