Journal
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 13, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.906122
Keywords
food antigens; food allergy; paracellular pathway; transcellular pathway; intestinal barrier; oral tolerance; intestinal immune system; gut microbiota
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [82171783, 81871284]
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This article summarizes the mechanisms of food allergy and the lack of individualized treatment options. It also discusses the contribution of gut commensal bacteria to tolerance to food antigens. By elucidating the mechanisms of intestinal uptake and tolerance of food antigens, new clues for the treatment of food allergy are provided.
Food allergy is a growing concern due to its increasing world-wide incidence. Strict avoidance of allergens is a passive treatment strategy. Since the mechanisms responsible for the occurrence and development of food allergy have not yet been fully elucidated, effective individualized treatment options are lacking. In this review, we summarize the pathways through which food antigens enter the intestine and review the proposed mechanisms describing how the intestine acquires and tolerates food antigens. When oral tolerance is not established, food allergy occurs. In addition, we also discuss the contribution of commensal bacteria of the gut in shaping tolerance to food antigens in the intestinal tract. Finally, we propose that elucidating the mechanisms of intestinal uptake and tolerance of food antigens will provide additional clues for potential treatment options for food allergy.
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