Journal
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 13, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.972160
Keywords
multiple sclerosis; gut microbiome; molecular mimicry; microbial metabolites; aberrant immune response; leaky gut; HLA genes; Epstein-Barr virus
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Funding
- Physician-Scientist Collaboration Research award from MCRI [441190-00]
- Ebenreiter Post Doctoral fellowship award in precision medicine [500430-00]
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Multiple sclerosis is an immune-mediated neurodegenerative disease with complex etiology involving genetic susceptibility, aberrant immune response, and dysbiosis of the gut microbiome. Microbial factors in the gut could potentially trigger neuroinflammation and symptoms of the disease.
The etiological complexity of multiple sclerosis, an immune-mediated, neurodegenerative disease with multifactorial etiology is still elusive because of an incomplete understanding of the complex synergy between contributing factors such as genetic susceptibility and aberrant immune response. Recently, the disease phenotypes have also been shown to be associated with dysbiosis of the gut microbiome, a dynamic reservoir of billions of microbes, their proteins and metabolites capable of mimicring the autoantigens. Microbial factors could potentially trigger the neuroinflammation and symptoms of MS. In this perspective article, we discussed how microbial molecules resulting from a leaky gut might mimic a host's autoantigen, potentially contributing to the disease disequilibrium. It further highlights the importance of targeting the gut microbiome for alternate therapeutic options for the treatment of MS.
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