Journal
NANOMATERIALS
Volume 12, Issue 15, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/nano12152516
Keywords
two-dimensional materials; ferroelectric properties; scanning probe microscope; negative piezoelectricity; phase segregation
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51702351, 51777209]
- Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province [2020B1515120019]
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory [2014B030301014]
- Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee [JCYJ20170413152832151, KQTD20170810160424889]
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This study evaluates the ferroelectric and electric properties of the two-dimensional van der Waals material CuInP2S6, and finds that defects in local regions lead to ferroelectric phase transition. The electrochemical strain microscopy reveals different responses between Cu ions and IPS ionospheres, and proposes an interfacial Schottky barrier mechanism for dynamic control of current flow.
CuInP2S6 (CIPS) is a novel two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) ferroelectric layered material with a Curie temperature of T-C similar to 315 K, making it promising for great potential applications in electronic and photoelectric devices. Herein, the ferroelectric and electric properties of CIPS at different thicknesses are carefully evaluated by scanning probe microscopy techniques. Some defects in some local regions due to Cu deficiency lead to a CuInP2S6-In4/3P2S6 (CIPS-IPS) paraelectric phase coexisting with the CIPS ferroelectric phase. An electrochemical strain microscopy (ESM) study reveals that the relaxation times corresponding to the Cu ions and the IPS ionospheres are not the same, with a significant difference in their response to DC voltage, related to the rectification effect of the ferroelectric tunnel junction (FTJ). The electric properties of the FTJ indicate Cu+ ion migration and propose that the current flow and device performance are dynamically controlled by an interfacial Schottky barrier. The addition of the ferroelectricity of CIPS opens up applications in memories and sensors, actuators, and even spin-orbit devices based on 2D vdW heterostructures.
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