Journal
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
Volume -, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c01300
Keywords
Biowaste; Highly porous carbon; N/S doping; Bifunctional electrocatalyst; Hybrid Na-air battery
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Funding
- Technology Mission Division (Department of Science & Technology, Government of India) under the aegis of the Materials for Energy Storage [DST/TMD/MES/2k18/00217]
- DST [PDF/2015/00217]
- Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (Bonn, Germany)
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This study presents a low-cost carbon-based bifunctional catalyst derived from waste tree leaves. The nitrogen-doped catalyst shows excellent performance in both oxygen reduction reaction and oxygen evolution reaction. The assembled hybrid Na-air battery exhibits reversible electrochemical performance.
Noble-metal-free bifunctional catalysts are vital to improve high-performance, cost-effective metal-air batteries. This work presents highly porous carbon (HPC), derived from waste tree leaves, as a low-cost carbon-based bifunctional electrocatalyst. To further improve the catalytic activity, nitrogen and sulfur doping in HPC is achieved by treating it with urea (CO(NH2)(2)) and thiourea (CS(NH2)(2)), respectively. The electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity of the HPC, N-doped HPC, and S-doped HPC have been investigated. Among them, the N-doped HPC was found to show excellent bifunctional electrocatalytic (ORR/OER) activity. The N-doped HPC exhibited a superior bifunctional catalytic activity with an onset potential of 0.95 V (vs RHE) at a current density of 6.31 mA cm(-2), whereas in the case of the OER, the observed onset potential was 1.4 V (vs RHE), which is comparable to that of the benchmark RuO2 (1.45 V vs RHE) catalyst. The assembled hybrid Na-air battery exhibited reversible electrochemical performance with a round-trip efficiency of similar to 83% over 30 cycles. These economical bifunctional HPC-based catalysts can be effectively employed as air cathodes in hybrid sodium-air battery applications.
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