Journal
TOXINS
Volume 14, Issue 7, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/toxins14070445
Keywords
climate change; distribution; effects; molds; mycotoxins
Categories
Funding
- Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation grant [PID2020-11587RB-100]
- Spanish Ministry of Universities [UP2021-044]
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Human-induced climate change has significant impacts on fungal growth and mycotoxin production.
Earth's climate is undergoing adverse global changes as an unequivocal result of anthropogenic activity. The occurring environmental changes are slowly shaping the balance between plant growth and related fungal diseases. Climate (temperature, available water, and light quality/quantity; as well as extreme drought, desertification, and fluctuations of humid/dry cycles) represents the most important agroecosystem factor influencing the life cycle stages of fungi and their ability to colonize crops, survive, and produce toxins. The ability of mycotoxigenic fungi to respond to Climate Change (CC) may induce a shift in their geographical distribution and in the pattern of mycotoxin occurrence. The present review examines the available evidence on the impact of CC factors on growth and mycotoxin production by the key mycotoxigenic fungi belonging to the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Fusarium, which include several species producing mycotoxins of the greatest concern worldwide: aflatoxins (AFs), ochratoxins, and fumonisins (FUMs).
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