Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
Volume 19, Issue 12, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127087
Keywords
macroalgae; seaweed disease; climate change; ice-ice disease; seaweed farming; biosecurity; seaweed probiotics
Funding
- GlobalSeaweedSTAR project [GSS/RF/037]
- Universiti Malaysia Sabah [LPA2005]
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This review paper presents the importance of biosecurity measures in the seaweed industry, focusing on improving the quantity and quality of algal biomass. It also discusses the research on algal diseases and the future directions of seaweed cultivation. The study highlights the significance of sustainable seaweed farming for managing resources and conserving ecological balance, while also addressing the global concern of climate change.
Commercial seaweed cultivation has undergone drastic changes to keep up with the increasing demand in terms of the quantity and quality of the algal biomass needed to meet the requirements of constant innovation in industrial applications. Diseases caused by both biotic and abiotic factors have been identified as contributing to the economic loss of precious biomass. Biosecurity risk will eventually affect seaweed production as a whole and could cripple the seaweed industry. The current review sheds light on the biosecurity measures that address issues in the seaweed industry pushing towards increasing the quantity and quality of algal biomass, research on algal diseases, and tackling existing challenges as well as discussions on future directions of seaweed research. The review is presented to provide a clear understanding of the latest biosecurity developments from several segments in the seaweed research, especially from upstream cultivation encompassing the farming stages from seeding, harvesting, drying, and packing, which may lead to better management of this precious natural resource, conserving ecological balance while thriving on the economic momentum that seaweed can potentially provide in the future. Recommended breeding strategies and seedling stock selection are discussed that aim to address the importance of sustainable seaweed farming and facilitate informed decision-making. Sustainable seaweed cultivation also holds the key to reducing our carbon footprint, thereby fighting the existential crisis of climate change plaguing our generation.
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