Journal
FORESTS
Volume 13, Issue 7, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/f13070976
Keywords
structure from motion; photogrammetry; soil disturbance; ruts; forest skidder
Categories
Funding
- Slovak Research and Development Agency (APVV) [15-0714, 18-0305]
- Scientific Grant Agency VEGA [1/0241/20]
- grant EVA4.0 - OP RDE [CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000803]
Ask authors/readers for more resources
This study analyzes soil surface changes caused by the traffic of three types of wheeled skidders without a load on Cambisol soil in Central Slovakia using Structure-from-Motion (SfM) close-range photogrammetry. The results show that the SfM method can be applied to detect soil surface changes after traffic of forestry machinery.
Soil surface is directly affected by heavy traffic of machinery during harvesting operations. Machine traffic often causes damage to forest soil which is visible on the surface (ruts) and invisible changes in, for example, bulk density, penetration resistance, etc. Close-range photogrammetry is the state-of-the-art method used for recording and evaluation of visible changes. This study aims to analyze soil surface changes caused by traffic of three types of wheeled skidders without a load on Cambisol soil in Central Slovakia. We use the Structure-from-Motion (SfM) close-range photogrammetry to record and evaluate depths of ruts and their volumes after 40 passes of individual skidders. We compared Root Mean Square Errors (RMSEs) of dense point clouds created from various numbers of images taken for individual plots. Rut volume changes calculated by the SfM method and from the manual measurements were compared for one skidder. The final values of RMSE did not exceed 10 mm except for the plot with the lowest number of photos. The final rut depths varied between 0.026 and 0.050 m, and their final volume fluctuated from 0.021 to 0.089 m(3). The skidder type and the terrain slope had significant impacts on magnitudes of soil changes. The results of the manual and SfM methods assessing soil changes were correlated. Based on the presented results we can conclude that the SfM method can be applied to detect soil surface changes after traffic of forestry machinery.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available