Journal
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
Volume 12, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13447-z
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Funding
- Horizon 2020 Framework Programme Deltaflu grant [727922]
- Horizon 2020 Framework Programme VEO grant [874735]
- German Federal Ministry of Education and Research 'PREPMEDVET'grant [13N15449]
- UK Department for the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra)
- Welsh government [SV3032, SV3006, SE2213]
- Scottish government [SV3032, SV3006, SE2213]
- Canadian Food Inspection and Environment and Climate Change Canada
- NIAID/NIH [75N93021C00014]
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services [75N93021C00015]
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Recent detection of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in North America, closely related to the viruses in Europe, raises concerns about further spread across the Americas through wild bird migration.
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of the A/Goose/Guangdong/1/1996 lineage (GsGd), which threaten the health of poultry, wildlife and humans, are spreading across Asia, Europe, Africa and North America but are currently absent from South America and Oceania. In December 2021, H5N1 HPAI viruses were detected in poultry and a free-living gull in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. Our phylogenetic analysis showed that these viruses were most closely related to HPAI GsGd viruses circulating in northwestern Europe in spring 2021. Our analysis of wild bird migration suggested that these viruses may have been carried across the Atlantic via Iceland, Greenland/Arctic or pelagic routes. The here documented incursion of HPAI GsGd viruses into North America raises concern for further virus spread across the Americas by wild bird migration.
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