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Vitamin D and Visceral Obesity in Humans: What Should Clinicians Know?

Journal

NUTRIENTS
Volume 14, Issue 15, Pages -

Publisher

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/nu14153075

Keywords

vitamin D; visceral obesity; adipose tissue inflammation; weight loss; caloric restriction; bariatric surgery

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The effects of vitamin D on adipose tissue biology and modulation in human obesity are still inconclusive. While the anti-inflammatory effects of vitamin D are evident and consistent, its effects on adipocyte differentiation, adipogenesis, energy metabolism, and adipokine levels remain uncertain.
The extraskeletal effect of vitamin D on adipose tissue biology and modulation in human obesity is of great interest and has been extensively investigated. Current evidence from preclinical and clinical studies in human adipose tissue suggests that the anti-inflammatory effects of vitamin D are evident and consistent, whereas the effects of vitamin D on adipocyte differentiation, adipogenesis, and energy metabolism and the effects of vitamin D supplementation on adipokine levels are inconclusive. Interventional studies related to medical and surgical weight loss in humans have shown small or no improvement in vitamin D status. Additionally, the benefit of vitamin D supplementation for the reduction in visceral adipose tissue has only been demonstrated in a few studies. Overall, the findings on the relationship between vitamin D and visceral adipose tissue in humans are still inconclusive. Further studies are required to confirm the beneficial effects of vitamin D on ameliorating adipose tissue dysfunction.

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