Journal
NUTRIENTS
Volume 14, Issue 14, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/nu14142947
Keywords
omega 3 fatty acids; n-3 fatty acids; omega 6 fatty acids; n-6 fatty acids rheumatoid arthritis; cohort study
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Funding
- Bonus Qualite Recherche bursary of Sorbonne Paris Nord University
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This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum lipid profiles and disease activity in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The study found that a serum lipid profile rich in n-3 fatty acids was independently associated with persistently reduced disease activity, while a profile rich in n-6 fatty acids was associated with lower disease activity.
Background: Long-chain omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids (n-3, n-6 FAs) may modulate inflammation and affect the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, whether n-3/n-6 FA status affects RA after disease onset is unknown. This study aimed to assess whether FA profiles are independently associated with disease activity in a large prospective cohort of patients with early RA. Methods: Baseline serum FAs were quantified in 669 patients in the ESPOIR cohort. Principal component analysis identified three serum FA patterns that were rich in n-7-9, n-3 and n-6 FAs (patterns omega 7-9, omega 3 and omega 6), respectively. The association of pattern tertiles with baseline variables and 6-month disease activity was tested using multivariable logistic regression. Results: Pattern omega 3 was associated with low baseline and pattern omega 6 with high baseline C-reactive protein level and disease activity. Both patterns omega 3 and omega 6 were associated with reduced odds of active disease after 6 months of follow-up (pattern omega 3: odds ratio, tertile three vs. one, 0.49 [95% CI 0.25 to 0.97] and pattern omega 6: 0.51 [0.28 to 0.95]; p = 0.04 and 0.03, respectively). Conclusions: In a cohort of early RA patients, a serum lipid profile rich in n-3 FAs was independently associated with persistently reduced disease activity between baseline and 6-month follow-up. An n-6 FA profile was also associated with lower 6-month disease activity.
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