Boosting of Magnetic, Ferroelectric, Energy Storage Efficiency, and Piezoelectric Properties of Zn Intercalated SrBi4Ti4O15-Based Ceramics

An appropriate amount of Zn-ions are incorporated into the high Curie temperature bismuth layer-structure ferroelectric material to fabricate Sr0.2Na0.4Pr0.4Bi4Ti4O15:xwt%ZnO; (SNPBT:xZn), with x = 0, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20 ceramic series to investigate the magnetic, ferroelectric, and energy storage efficiency and piezoelectric properties. Pure SNPBT and SNPBT:xZn ceramics have maintained their structure even after the intercalation of Zn-ions at the lattice sites of SNPBT. The addition of ZnO in SNPBT has improved the multifunctional properties of the material at x = 0.15. At room temperature, SNPBT:0.15Zn has shown a high relative density of 96%, exhibited weak ferromagnetic behavior along with a low saturation magnetization (M-s) of 0.028 emu/g with a low coercive field of 306 Oe, a high remnant polarization (P-r) of 9.04 mu C/cm(2), a recoverable energy density (W-rec) of similar to 0.5 J/cm(3), an energy conversion efficiency (eta) of similar to 41%, a high piezoelectric co-efficient (d(33)) of 21 pC/N, and an impedance of 1.98 x 10(7) Omega, which are much improved as compared to pure SBT or pure SNPBT ceramics. Dielectric Constant (epsilon(r)) versus temperature plots present the sharp peak for SNPBT:0.15Zn ceramic at a Curie temperature (T-C) similar to 605 degrees C, confirming the strong ferroelectric nature of the ceramic. Moreover, SNPBT:0.15Zn ceramic has shown strong, piezoelectric, thermally stable behavior, which remains at 76% (16 pC/N) of its initial value even after annealing at 500 degrees C. The achieved results clearly indicate that SNPBT:0.15Zn ceramic is a promising candidate for future wide-temperature pulse power applications and high-temperature piezoelectric devices.

Automated summary

Zn-ion incorporation into high Curie temperature bismuth layer-structure ferroelectric material improves its multifunctional properties, such as magnetic, ferroelectric, energy storage efficiency, and piezoelectric properties. At an appropriate amount of Zn-doping, the material exhibits high relative density, weak ferromagnetic behavior, high remnant polarization, recoverable energy density, and high piezoelectric coefficient. Additionally, the material shows strong and thermally stable piezoelectric behavior.