Journal
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 13, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30767-w
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Funding
- ERATO Spin Quantum Rectification Project from JST, Japan [JPMJER1402]
- JSPS KAKENHI, Japan [JP19H05600, JP19H00658, JP20H02599, JP20K05297, 21K14519, JP19K21031, JP19K21035, JP20K22476]
- Institute for AI and Beyond of the University of Tokyo, Japan
- NEC Corporation
- European Commission [734187-SPICOLOST]
- European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme through the MSCA - MCIN/AEI [SPEC-894006]
- Xunta de Galicia [ED431B 2021/013, ED431G 2019/03]
- European Union (European Regional Development Fund - ERDF)
- GP-Spin at Tohoku University
- ESF investing in your future
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [21K14519] Funding Source: KAKEN
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The authors used machine learning to reconstruct electron wavefunction intensities and sample geometry from magneto-conductance data, revealing complex quantum interference patterns. The study demonstrates that machine learning can help decipher quantum fingerprints and translate them into spatial images of electron wave function intensities.
Scattering of electrons from defects and boundaries in mesoscopic samples is encoded in quantum interference patterns of magneto-conductance, but these patterns are difficult to interpret. Here the authors use machine learning to reconstruct electron wavefunction intensities and sample geometry from magneto-conductance data. When the electric conductance of a nano-sized metal is measured at low temperatures, it often exhibits complex but reproducible patterns as a function of external magnetic fields called quantum fingerprints in electric conductance. Such complex patterns are due to quantum-mechanical interference of conduction electrons; when thermal disturbance is feeble and coherence of the electrons extends all over the sample, the quantum interference pattern reflects microscopic structures, such as crystalline defects and the shape of the sample, giving rise to complicated interference. Although the interference pattern carries such microscopic information, it looks so random that it has not been analysed. Here we show that machine learning allows us to decipher quantum fingerprints; fingerprint patterns in magneto-conductance are shown to be transcribed into spatial images of electron wave function intensities (WIs) in a sample by using generative machine learning. The output WIs reveal quantum interference states of conduction electrons, as well as sample shapes. The present result augments the human ability to identify quantum states, and it should allow microscopy of quantum nanostructures in materials by making use of quantum fingerprints.
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