Diversity of mycoviruses in edible fungi

Mycoviruses (fungal viruses) are widespread in all major taxonomic groups of fungi. Although most mycovirus infections are latent, some mycoviruses, such as La France isometric virus, mushroom virus X, and oyster mushroom spherical virus, can cause severe diseases in edible fungi and lead to significant production losses. Recently, deep sequencing has been employed as a powerful research tool to identify new mycoviruses and to enhance our understanding of virus diversity and evolution. An increasing number of novel mycoviruses that can infect edible fungi have been reported, including double-stranded (ds) RNA, positive-sense ( +)ssRNA, and negative-sense (-)ssRNA viruses. To date, approximately 60 mycoviruses have been reported in edible fungi. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in the diversity and evolution of mycoviruses that can infect edible fungi. We also discuss mycovirus transmission, co-infections, and genetic variations, as well as the methods used to detect and control of mycoviruses in edible fungi, and provide insights for future research on mushroom viral diseases.

Automated summary

Mycoviruses, or fungal viruses, are widely distributed in fungi and can cause severe diseases and production losses in edible fungi. Recent advances in deep sequencing have led to the discovery of novel mycoviruses that can infect edible fungi, expanding our understanding of virus diversity and evolution. This review summarizes the latest research on the diversity and evolution of mycoviruses in edible fungi, discussing transmission, co-infections, genetic variations, detection methods, and control strategies. The review provides insights for future research on mushroom viral diseases.