Journal
TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
Volume 37, Issue 10, Pages 911-925Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2022.06.007
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Funding
- Princeton University
- High Meadows Environmental Institute
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis
- US National Science Foundation [PRFB-1810586, IOS-1656527, DEB-1457697]
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The study outlines a dynamic framework for the landscape of fear concept, introducing a time variable to better understand the effects of spatiotemporal variation in risk-resource trade-offs on prey behaviors.
The landscape of fear (LOF) concept posits that prey navigate spatial heterogeneity in perceived predation risk, balancing risk mitigation against other activities necessary for survival and reproduction. These proactive behavioral responses to risk can affect individual fitness, population dynamics, species interactions, and coexistence. Yet, antipredator responses in free-ranging prey often contradict expectations, raising questions about the generality and scalability of the LOF framework and suggesting that a purely spatial, static LOF conceptualization may be inadequate. Here, we outline a 'dynamic' LOF framework that explicitly incorporates time to account for predictable spatiotemporal variation in risk-resource trade-offs. This integrated approach suggests novel predictions about predator effects on prey behaviors to refine understanding of the role predators play in ecological communities.
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