Journal
SENSORS
Volume 22, Issue 13, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/s22135013
Keywords
platform as a service; vendor lock-in; multi-clouds; middleware; platform services
Funding
- Rector of the Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland [09/010/RGJ22/0068]
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This paper proposes a middleware platform to address the issue of application portability among clouds, and experimental results validate its effectiveness.
Cloud providers create a vendor-locked-in environment by offering proprietary and non-standard APIs, resulting in a lack of interoperability and portability among clouds. To overcome this deterrent, solutions must be developed to exploit multiple clouds efficaciously. This paper proposes a middleware platform to mitigate the application portability issue among clouds. A literature review is also conducted to analyze the solutions for application portability. The middleware allows an application to be ported on various platform-as-a-service (PaaS) clouds and supports deploying different services of an application on disparate clouds. The efficiency of the abstraction layer is validated by experimentation on an application that uses the message queue, Binary Large Objects (BLOB), email, and short message service (SMS) services of various clouds via the proposed middleware against the same application using these services via their native code. The experimental results show that adding this middleware mildly affects the latency, but it dramatically reduces the developer's overhead of implementing each service for different clouds to make it portable.
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