Journal
SCIENCE CHINA-CHEMISTRY
Volume 65, Issue 9, Pages 1691-1703Publisher
SCIENCE PRESS
DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1291-2
Keywords
N-heterocyclic carbene; fluorination; electrophilic trifluoromethylation; radical perfluoroalkylation; annulation
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21871160, 21672121, 22071130]
- Bayer
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This article introduces the method of inserting fluorine atoms or assembling fluorine-containing fragments through NHC organocatalysis. By summarizing the relevant achievements, it provides enlightening clues for further development.
Owing to the unique properties of fluorine-containing moieties in the pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and materials, several synthetic efforts (i.e., enzymatic resolution, transition-metal catalysis, and organocatalysis) have been frequently made to fabricate these fluorinated structures. As powerful organic catalysts, N-heterocyclic carbenes can activate carbonyl group and realize the chiral intervention of multiple sites near the carbonyl group, and have an irreplaceable power to construct fluorine-containing fragments. However, NHC reviews focused on the versatile synthesis of fluorine-containing fragments are absolutely rare to this date. This mini-review highlights the invention of inserting fluorine atom or assembling fluorine-containing fragments via NHC organocatalysis. By summarizing the relative achievements in this field, we are eager to provide enlightening clues for further developments.
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