Journal
RHEUMATOLOGY
Volume 62, Issue -, Pages SI32-SI42Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac319
Keywords
SSc; interstitial lung disease; high-resolution computed tomography; stem cell; autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation
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This study evaluated the extent of lung disease and esophageal involvement in early diffuse SSc patients after aHSCT using HRCT. The results showed significant improvement in HRCT SSc-ILD extent 24 months after aHSCT, while esophageal dilatation worsened and required specific attention.
Objective To evaluate extent of interstitial lung disease (ILD) and oesophageal involvement using high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) in early diffuse SSc patients after autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT). Methods Overall chest HRCT, lung function and skin score changes were evaluated in 33 consecutive diffuse SSc patients before and after aHSCT during yearly routine follow-up visits between January 2000 and September 2016. Two independent radiologists blindly assessed the ILD extent using semi-quantitative Goh and Wells method, the widest oesophageal diameter (WOD) and the oesophageal volume (OV) on HRCT. Patients were retrospectively classified as radiological responders or non-responders, based on achieved stability or a decrease of 5% or more of HRCT-ILD at 24 months post-aHSCT. Results Using a linear mixed model, the regressions of the extent of ILD and of ground glass opacities were significant at 12 months (ILD P = 0.001; ground glass opacities P = 0.0001) and at 24 months (ILD P = 0.007; ground glass opacities P = 0.0008) after aHSCT, with 18 patients classified as radiological responders (probability of response 0.78 [95% CI 0.58, 0.90]). Meanwhile the WOD and the OV increased significantly at 12 months (WOD P = 0.03; OV P = 0.34) and at 24 months (WOD P = 0.002; OV P = 0.007). Kaplan-Meier analyses showed a trend towards better 5-year survival rates (100% vs 60%; hazard ratio 0.23 [95% CI 0.03, 1.62], P = 0.11) among radiological responders vs non-responders at 24 month follow-up after aHSCT. Conclusion Real-world data analysis confirmed significant improvement in extent of HRCT SSc-ILD 24 months after aHSCT, although oesophageal dilatation worsened requiring specific attention.
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