Should we stop screening for chronic endometritis?

Chronic endometritis is a poorly understood infectious or inflammatory process, potentially disrupting the correct implantation of a human embryo (Puente et al., 2020). The exact prevalence is a subject of discussion and ranges across the available literature from 2% to almost 60%, with a higher suspicion of the condition being present in women with recurrent early pregnancy loss and recurrent implantation failure (Puente et al., 2020). The impact of chronic endometritis on reproductive outcomes following IVF remains questionable given the lack of proper data convincingly showing an improvement after diagnosis and treatment. This article aims to provide the reader with a critical appraisal of current diagnostic methods, treatments and patient populations to be tested for chronic endometritis.

Automated summary

Chronic endometritis is an infectious or inflammatory process that disrupts the correct implantation of embryos. Its prevalence ranges from 2% to almost 60%, with a higher suspicion in women with recurrent early pregnancy loss and recurrent implantation failure. The impact of chronic endometritis on reproductive outcomes following IVF is uncertain due to the lack of convincing data showing improvement after diagnosis and treatment. This article critically evaluates current diagnostic methods, treatments, and patient populations for chronic endometritis.