Journal
PLANT SCIENCE
Volume 320, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111280
Keywords
Translation initiation; Amino acids; tRNA; Reactive oxygen; Innate immunity; Ribosome stalling
Categories
Funding
- United States National Institutes of Health [2R15GM129672-02]
Ask authors/readers for more resources
The pan-eukaryotic protein kinase GCN2 regulates mRNA translation in response to external and metabolic conditions. In plants, GCN2 has assumed novel functions, including innate immunity and retrograde signaling. However, there are still unresolved questions regarding the divergence of the GCN2 system in green plants, such as whether GCN2 regulates amino acid biosynthesis and the role of phosphorylation of eIF2 alpha in translation control.
The pan-eukaryotic protein kinase GCN2 (General Control Nonderepressible2) regulates the translation of mRNAs in response to external and metabolic conditions. Although GCN2 and its substrate, translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2) alpha, and several partner proteins are substantially conserved in plants, this kinase has assumed novel functions in plants, including in innate immunity and retrograde signaling between the chloroplast and cytosol. How exactly some of the biochemical paradigms of the GCN2 system have diverged in the green plant lineage is only partially resolved. Specifically, conflicting data underscore and cast doubt on whether GCN2 regulates amino acid biosynthesis; also whether phosphorylation of eIF2 alpha can in fact repress global translation or activate mRNA specific translation via upstream open reading frames; and whether GCN2 is controlled in vivo by the level of uncharged tRNA. This review examines the status of research on the eIF2 alpha kinase, GCN2, its function in the response to xenobiotics, pathogens, and abiotic stress conditions, and its rather tenuous role in the translational control of mRNAs.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available