4.6 Review

Recent advancements and future perspectives of foxtail millet genomics

Related references

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

SiMYB19 from Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica) Confers Transgenic Rice Tolerance to High Salt Stress in the Field

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Summary: This study identified the SiMYB19 gene from foxtail millet and found that it is mainly expressed in the roots, induced by various abiotic stressors, and enhances salt tolerance in transgenic rice. SiMYB19 improves salt tolerance by regulating ABA synthesis and signal transduction.

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Efficient Genome Editing in Setaria italica Using CRISPR/Cas9 and Base Editors

Zhen Liang et al.

Summary: The study successfully targeted multiple genes in foxtail millet using the CRISPR/Cas9 single- and multi-gene editing systems, and generated mutant plants through genetic transformation. Base editing was achieved using two base editors, resulting in the creation of herbicide-tolerant mutant plants in foxtail millet. This system has the potential to enhance functional genomics analysis and genetic improvement in foxtail millet.

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GWAS identifies genetic loci underlying nitrogen responsiveness in the climate resilient C4 model Setaria italica (L.)

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Summary: This study explores the physio-genetic basis of nitrogen responsiveness in 142 diverse populations of foxtail millet, Setaria italica (L.), by employing contrasting nitrogen fertilizer nutrition regimes. The results show that nitrogen-dependent yield increase in S. italica is driven by grain number, which is genetically determined. The study identifies 22 unique SNP loci strongly associated with this trait, six of which exhibit consistent allelic variation between lines with contrasting nitrogen-dependent grain number response and panicle architectures. Additionally, differential transcript abundances of specific genes proximally linked to these SNPs in the same lines indicate their nitrogen dependence in a genotype-specific manner.

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Calcineurin B-like protein 5 (SiCBL5) in Setaria italica enhances salt tolerance by regulating Na+ homeostasis

Jingwei Yan et al.

Summary: Salinity stress reduces plant growth and agricultural productivity. SiCBL5 protein plays a crucial role in regulating salt response and tolerance in foxtail millet by modulating Na+ homeostasis.

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Biotechnological approaches to dissect climate-resilient traits in millets and their application in crop improvement

Roshan Kumar Singh et al.

Summary: Small millets, excluding pearl millet and sorghum, are minor crops with excellent agronomic and nutritional traits but lack popularity. Despite being nutritionally rich compared to major cereals, small millets have received little research attention. However, the knowledge generated from studying small millets is significant for improving millets and potentially enhancing major cereals through breeding and transgene-based approaches.

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A Conserved miR394-Targeted F-Box Gene Positively Regulates Drought Resistance in Foxtail Millet

Zhao Geng et al.

Summary: The study identified the role of miR394 in enhancing drought tolerance in foxtail millet through regulating the expression of the target gene SiFBP6. Overexpression of miR394 increased tolerance to drought stress in transgenic Arabidopsis by affecting a set of stress-related genes. This finding suggests the potential application of miR394 in molecular breeding for stress tolerance enhancement in crops.

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Establishing in planta haploid inducer line by edited SiMTL in foxtail millet (Setaria italica)

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Genome-wide identification of PTI1 family in Setaria italica and salinity-responsive functional analysis of SiPTI1-5

Yongguan Huangfu et al.

Summary: This study identified 12 putative PTI1 genes from the genome of foxtail millet, with gene duplication analysis suggesting an important role of segmental duplication events in the expansion of the PTI1 gene family. Phylogenetic analysis classified PTI1 family members from different model plants into six major categories, with foxtail millet showing higher homology with rice and maize. Tissue expression characteristics indicated that SiPTI1 genes are mainly expressed in stems and leaves, and experimental results showed inducibility by multiple stresses. Subcellular localization revealed plasma membrane localization for all SiPTI1s, and heterologous expression of SiPTI1-5 enhanced salt stress tolerance in yeast and E. coli, contributing to a deeper understanding of the roles of PTI1 protein kinases in foxtail millet.

BMC PLANT BIOLOGY (2021)

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SiCEP3, a C-terminally encoded peptide from Setaria italica, promotes ABA import and signaling

Lei Zhang et al.

Summary: This study identified 14 CEPs in Setaria italica, showing that CEP-CEPR module mediates ABA signaling by regulating ABA transporters and receptors in plants, leading to inhibition of plant growth and development.

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Genome-Wide Analysis of MADS-Box Genes in Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica L.) and Functional Assessment of the Role of SiMADS51 in the Drought Stress Response

Wan Zhao et al.

Summary: The study identified 72 MADS-box genes in the foxtail millet genome, with 10 genes showing induction by abiotic stresses and exogenous hormones. Further analysis revealed that SiMADS51 is a negative regulator of drought stress tolerance in plants.

FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE (2021)

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Metabolome-Based Genome-Wide Association Study Provides Genetic Insights Into the Natural Variation of Foxtail Millet

Wei Wei et al.

Summary: The plant metabolome serves as a bridge between the genome and the phenome, impacting the interaction between plant growth and the environment. By using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, a wide range metabolomics analysis of 150 millet germplasm was conducted, revealing significant natural variations in primary and secondary metabolites in millets from India and different regions of China. The study also identified specific genetic loci associated with metabolites, providing insights for future research on complex physiological traits in millet using mGWAS analysis.

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Phosphoproteomic Profiling Reveals Early Salt-Responsive Mechanisms in Two Foxtail Millet Cultivars

Jiaowen Pan et al.

Summary: Excess soluble salts in saline soils harm most plants. Studying the salt tolerance-associated genetic resources will improve salt tolerance in crops. Proteomic profiling of foxtail millet varieties An04 and Yugu2 under salt stress revealed differential responses and highlighted the importance of sucrose metabolism in salt tolerance.

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SiMYB3 in Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica) Confers Tolerance to Low-Nitrogen Stress by Regulating Root Growth in Transgenic Plants

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Genome sequence of foxtail millet (Setaria italica) provides insights into grass evolution and biofuel potential

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