Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
Volume 129, Issue 5, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.050602
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Funding
- U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division
- U.S. DOE, Office of Science, Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, through the Quantum Internet to Accelerate Scientific Discovery Program
- Center for Nonlinear Studies
- U.S DOE under the LDRD program in Los Alamos
- U.S. DOE through a quantum computing program - Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) Information Science & Technology Institute
- U.S. DOE National Nuclear Security Administration [89233218CNA000001]
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This paper proposes a simple and robust method to eliminate the interference of scrambling effects in experiments, allowing for the evaluation of the degree of scrambling and conducting simulations on IBM cloud-based quantum computers.
Information scrambling refers to the rapid spreading of initially localized information over an entire system, via the generation of global entanglement. This effect is usually detected by measuring a temporal decay of the out-of-time order correlators. However, in experiments, decays of these correlators suffer from fake positive signals from various sources, e.g., decoherence due to inevitable couplings to the environment, or errors that cause mismatches between the purported forward and backward evolutions. In this Letter, we provide a simple and robust approach to single out the effect of genuine scrambling. This allows us to benchmark the scrambling process by quantifying the degree of the scrambling from the noisy backgrounds. We also demonstrate our protocol with simulations on IBM cloud-based quantum computers.
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