Relationship between thyroid hormones and central nervous system metabolism in physiological and pathological conditions

Thyroid hormones (THs) play an important role in the regulation of energy metabolism. They also take part in processes associated with the central nervous system (CNS), including survival and differentiation of neurons and energy expenditure. It has been reported that a correlation exists between the functioning of the thyroid gland and the symptoms of CNS such as cognitive impairment, depression, and dementia. Literature data also indicate the influence of THs on the pathogenesis of CNS diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, depression, and Parkinson's disease. This review describes the relationship between THs and metabolism in the CNS, the effect of THs on the pathological conditions of the CNS, and novel options for treating these conditions with TH derivatives.

Automated summary

Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in regulating energy metabolism and influencing the functioning of the central nervous system (CNS). Research has shown a correlation between thyroid function and CNS symptoms, as well as the impact of thyroid hormones on the pathogenesis of CNS diseases. Novel options for treating these conditions with thyroid hormone derivatives are being explored.