Journal
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
Volume 78, Issue 10, Pages 4397-4406Publisher
JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
DOI: 10.1002/ps.7060
Keywords
Methomyl; chlorfenapyr; chlorantraniliprole; spinosad; Plutella xylostella; differential toxicity; flight behavior; prey consumption
Categories
Funding
- National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)
- Research Support Foundation of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ)
- Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) [001]
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This study investigated the effectiveness of four insecticides for controlling Plutella xylostella and their effects on Cycloneda sanguinea. The results showed that spinosad and chlorfenapyr were highly toxic to P. xylostella, while chlorantraniliprole and methomyl were ineffective. Chlorantraniliprole was highly toxic to C. sanguinea, while methomyl and chlorfenapyr were toxic to C. sanguinea when ingested. Spinosad had low toxicity to C. sanguinea, but affected its flight behavior.
BACKGROUND The application of synthetic insecticides is the main strategy used to reduce the damage caused by the diamondback moth Plutella xylostella in commercial Brassica crops. However, incorrect insecticide use can cause biological and ecological disturbances in agroecosystems. Cycloneda sanguinea is a generalist voracious predator and is distributed widely in cultivated and noncultivated ecosystems. This study investigated the efficiency of four insecticides for the control of P. xylostella and the lethal and sublethal effects of these insecticides on C. sanguinea. RESULTS Spinosad (92% mortality) and chlorfenapyr (76% mortality) were highly toxic to P. xylostela. However, chlorantraniliprole (10% mortality) and methomyl (no mortality) were ineffective against this pest. Chlorantraniliprole was the only insecticide that was highly toxic to C. sanguinea by contact (90% mortality), however, it was nontoxic following the ingestion of chlorantraniliprole-contaminated aphids. Interestingly, ingestion of prey contaminated with methomyl and chlorfenapyr was highly toxic (100% mortality) to C. sanguinea. Spinosad was nontoxic to C. sanguinea via exposure to contaminated surfaces and following ingestion of contaminated prey. However, direct contact of the insects with both methomyl and spinosad significantly affected C. sanguinea flight activity (vertical flight and free-fall flight), whereas chlorfenapyr impacted vertical flight only. CONCLUSION These findings showed that chlorantraniliprole was not only ineffective for the control of P. xylostela, but was also highly toxic to C. sanguinea. The results indicated that spinosad was efficient against P. xylostela and was of low toxicity to C. sanguinea; however, the deleterious effects of this insecticide on flight behavior could result in reduced predatory efficiency. (c) 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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