Safety and efficacy of prolonged levofloxacin inhalation solution (APT-1026) treatment for cystic fibrosis and chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa airway infection

Background: Levofloxacin inhalation solution (LIS) is the first aerosolized fluoroquinolone licensed for treatment of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of extended LIS treatment. Methods: Patients completing a multinational, randomized study comparing LIS and tobramycin inhalation solution (TIS) were enrolled in an open-label extension in which all patients received three additional cycles of 28 days of LIS 240 mg twice daily followed by 28 days off drug. Endpoints included mean relative change in percent predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), time to pulmonary exacerbation, and patient-reported quality of life. Results: Extended treatment with LIS in 88 patients was well tolerated with no new safety signals and evidence of positive effects on FEV1 and quality of life. Conclusion: Patients receiving extended LIS treatment continued to show favorable efficacy with no additional safety concerns. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of European Cystic Fibrosis Society.