Ischemic Tolerance Induced by Glial Cells

Ischemic tolerance is a phenomenon in which resistance to subsequent invasive ischemia is acquired by a preceding noninvasive ischemic application, and is observed in many organs, including the brain, the organ most vulnerable to ischemic insult. To date, much research has been conducted on cerebral ischemic tolerance as a cell-autonomous action of neurons. In this article, we review the essential roles of microglia and astrocytes in the acquisition of ischemic tolerance through neuron-non-autonomous mechanisms, where the two types of glial cells function in a concerted manner to induce ischemic tolerance.

Automated summary

Ischemic tolerance is the phenomenon of acquiring resistance to subsequent invasive ischemia through a preceding noninvasive ischemic application. In the context of cerebral ischemic tolerance, microglia and astrocytes play essential roles in inducing ischemic tolerance through neuron-non-autonomous mechanisms.