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Monica Fung et al.
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Allison J. Greaney et al.
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(2021)
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Bin Zhou et al.
Summary: Research has shown that the D614G substitution in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 leads to increased binding and replication potential in humans, as well as significantly higher replication and transmissibility in different animal models, providing an explanation for the global prevalence of this variant in the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Multidisciplinary Sciences
Steven A. Kemp et al.
Summary: Chronic infection with SARS-CoV-2 can lead to viral evolution and increased resistance to neutralizing antibodies in immunosuppressed individuals treated with convalescent plasma. During convalescent plasma therapy, there were significant shifts in the viral population structure and sensitivity, suggesting strong selection pressure on the virus during treatment.
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Rita E. Chen et al.
Summary: The study analyzed antibody neutralization activity against a panel of authentic isolates and chimeric SARS-CoV-2 variants, showing significantly reduced neutralizing activity against the B.1.351 variant first identified in South Africa. Antibodies targeting the receptor-binding domain and N-terminal domain, monoclonal antibodies, convalescent sera, and mRNA vaccine-induced immune sera exhibited decreased inhibitory activity against viruses with an E484K spike mutation, suggesting a need for updated monoclonal antibodies or vaccine adjustments to prevent loss of protection against emerging variants.
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Oscar A. MacLean et al.
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Thao T. Truong et al.
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Delphine Planas et al.
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Katarina M. Braun et al.
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Michael Barton et al.
Summary: The study analyzed the effects of mutations in the Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 on its interaction with ACE2, finding that most mutations increased affinity with ACE2. Two ACE2 mutations were also found to enhance binding with the Spike protein.
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Liang Chen et al.
Summary: The study documented the microevolution of SARS-CoV-2 in an immunosuppressed patient undergoing steroid and convalescent plasma therapy, showing multiple NTD and RBD mutations. This suggests that immunocompromised patients may serve as breeding grounds for immune escape mutants, highlighting the need for enhanced measures to reduce transmission.
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Vitor Borges et al.
Summary: This study reports a case of a immunocompromised patient with a persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection over at least 6 months, showing the accumulation of mutations during the infection, some of which may be associated with immune evasion and enhanced transmission. Monitoring the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in immunocompromised individuals is crucial to identify novel adaptive mutations and mitigate the risk of introducing highly evolved variants into the community. Tracking the within-patient evolution of SARS-CoV-2 is key to understanding its adaptive traits and anticipating the emergence of variants of concern.
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Aine O'Toole et al.
Summary: The global virus genomics community has responded unprecedentedly to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, leading to significant advances in 'real-time' generation and sharing of genomic data. The development of new analytical methods, such as pangolin, has been necessary to handle the rapid growth in virus genome data production. Pangolin has processed nearly two million virus genomes, aiding in SARS-CoV-2 genomic epidemiology and providing researchers with valuable information about the pandemic's transmission lineages.
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Laura Perez-Lago et al.
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Petra Mlcochova et al.
Summary: The B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant of SARS-CoV-2 has lower sensitivity to antibodies and higher replication efficiency compared to other lineages, which may contribute to its dominance and reduced vaccine effectiveness, highlighting the need for continued infection control measures post-vaccination.
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