Journal
MOLECULAR ASPECTS OF MEDICINE
Volume 86, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2022.101099
Keywords
Healthy ageing; Inflammation; Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2; Oxidative stress; Post-translational modifications; Premature ageing; Senescence
Funding
- Novo Nordisk
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Karolinska Institutet Research Foundation
- EFSD Mentorship Programme
- AstraZeneca
- Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation [20160384]
- Strategic Research Programme in Diabetes at Karolinska Institutet (Swedish Research Council) [2009-1068]
- Stockholm City Council (ALF)
- Njurfonden (Swedish Kidney Foundation)
- 4D Pharma
- Constant Pharma
- MINDSHIFT - H2020-MSCA-ITN-2020
- [954798]
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Post-translational modifications (PTMs) have been proposed as a link between the oxidative stress-inflammation ageing trinity, thereby affecting several hallmarks of ageing.Phosphorylation, acetylation, and ubiquitination cover >90% of all the reported PTMs. Several of the main PTMs are involved in normal healthy ageing and in different age-related diseases, for instance neurodegenerative, metabolic, cardiovascular, and bone diseases, as well as cancer and chronic kidney disease. Ultimately, data from human rare progeroid syndromes, but also from long-living animal species, imply that PTMs are critical regulators of the ageing process. Mechanistically, PTMs target epigenetic and non-epigenetic pathways during ageing. In particular, epigenetic histone modification has critical implications for the ageing process and can modulate lifespan. Therefore, PTM-based therapeutics appear to be attractive pharmaceutical candidates to reduce the burden of ageing-related diseases. Several phosphorylation and acetylation inhibitors have already been FDA-approved for the treatment of other diseases and offer a unique potential to investigate both beneficial effects and possible side-effects. As an example, the most well-studied senolytic compounds dasatinib and quercetin, which have already been tested in Phase 1 pilot studies, also act as kinase inhibitors, targeting cellular senescence and increasing lifespan. Future studies need to carefully determine the best PTM-based candidates for the treatment of the diseasome of ageing.
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