A real-time calibration method of magnetometer array?s misalignment errors with ac modulated three-axis coil

The misalignment errors of magnetometer array are vulnerable to vibrations, which deteriorates the magnetic anomaly detection performance severely and brings strong demands for real-time calibrations. We propose a real-time calibration method of magnetometer array's misalignment errors, which utilizes a standard three-axis coil to generate an alternating current magnetic field with varied magnitudes and directions. Then the misalignment errors are calibrated by minimizing the difference between experimentally calibrated magnetic fields of magnetometers and theoretically calculated magnetic fields of coils with the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm and Biot-Savart's law. It does not require the expensive high-precision non-magnetic rotation platform, homogenous magnetic environment and additional scalar magnetometer compared to the conventional methods, which facilitates the real-time calibration with ambient magnetic fluctuations. The investigations demonstrate that the X-axis magnetic field gradient is decreased from 3665 nT to 68 nT and localization error is reduced from 1.6 m to 0.11 m with the proposed calibration method.

Automated summary

This study proposes a real-time calibration method for misalignment errors of a magnetometer array. It uses a standard three-axis coil to generate an alternating current magnetic field with varied magnitudes and directions, and calibrates the misalignment errors by minimizing the difference between experimentally calibrated magnetic fields and theoretically calculated magnetic fields. Compared to conventional methods, this approach does not require expensive equipment or special environments, enabling real-time calibration in ambient conditions.