Effects of free and nano-encapsulated bovine lactoferrin on the viability and acid production by Streptococcus mutans biofilms

Tooth decay is one of the most common diseases that humans face during their lifetime. Streptococcus mutans is one of the most critical factors of early tooth decay. These bacteria may produce biofilms in the mouth, which are more resistant to antimicrobial agents. Streptococcus mutans may also demineralize tooth enamel by producing lactic acid. In this study, the effect of nanoliposomes containing lactoferrin at three different concentrations (1 center dot 5, 3 and 6 mg ml(-1)) on the biofilm formed by S. mutans was investigated. Nanoliposomes were prepared using the thin-layer hydration method. An active attachment model was used to evaluate biofilm and lactic acid production. The results showed that nano-encapsulated lactoferrin could reduce CFU of biofilm more effectively than free lactoferrin. Lactoferrin-containing nanoliposomes also significantly reduced lactic acid production by S. mutans. Therefore, nano-encapsulated lactoferrin may be used along with other dental caries control methods to increase anti-caries efficacy.

Automated summary

Tooth decay is a common disease caused by Streptococcus mutans bacteria. This study investigated the effect of nanoliposomes containing lactoferrin on the biofilm formed by S. mutans. The results showed that nano-encapsulated lactoferrin effectively reduced biofilm formation and lactic acid production. These findings suggest that nano-encapsulated lactoferrin could be used as an additional approach to control dental caries.