Evolution of teriflunomide use in multiple sclerosis: A real-world experience

Objectives: The present study aims to describe the evolution of teriflunomide use for multiple sclerosis (MS) in the clinical setting, in particular for naive patients and young women. Predictors of treatment response were also investigated. Methods: This was an independent, retrospective, real-world monocentric study. We analysed the use of teriflunomide from 2016 to 2020 in patients categorized as naive or switchers, and assessed the variations in its use in men and women by age group. Clinical and MRI data of treated patients were evaluated, and NEDA-3 status at 24 and 36 months was defined. Determinants of therapeutic response were examined using regression analysis. Results: The study included 319 MS patients exposed to teriflunomide [209 women (65.5%)]. Of these, 67 (21%) were naive and 252 (79%) were switchers. A 20% increase of teriflunomide use in the naive group in the past two years, particularly in 2020, the first year of global Sars-Cov-2 spread, was observed. An increase of teriflunomide use of more than 10% in young women under age 45 was also reported. NEDA-3 status was calculated for 204 patients after 24 months and was achieved in 120 (58.8%) of these ones. NEDA-3 was also achieved in 92/160 (56.8%) patients at 36 months. A lower ARR in the two years prior to teriflunomide treatment (p = 0.026), lower baseline age (p = 0.05), and lower EDSS score (p = 0.009) were associated with achievement of the NEDA-3. Conclusions: Our study confirms a major evolution in teriflunomide use in clinical settings, particularly for naive patients and young women.

Automated summary

The study describes the evolution of teriflunomide use in the clinical setting, particularly for naive patients and young women. Predictors of treatment response were investigated, revealing that lower baseline age, lower EDSS score, and lower ARR prior to teriflunomide treatment were associated with achievement of treatment goals.