Wireless Anti-Stokes Photoinduced Electrochemiluminescence at Closed Semiconducting Bipolar Electrodes

Wireless electrochemical systems constitute a rapidly developingfield. Herein,photoinduced electrochemiluminescence (PECL) is studied at Si-based closed bipolarelectrodes (BPEs) for designing anti-Stokes systems that can convert IR into visible photons,without direct electrical contact. We show that protection of the anodic emitting pole of theBPE allows the triggering of bright and longstanding emission under the synergetic actions ofan external bias and IR illumination. Photoactive n- and p-type Si BPEs are studied withfront-side and back-side illumination, respectively, and nonphotoactive n+-Si BPEs arestudied in the dark. Two electrochemiluminescent (ECL) systems ([Ru(bpy)3]2+/TPrA andL-012) are tested, and we show that the onset bias and the anti-Stokes shift can be controlledby the ECL system that is employed. These advances, rationalized by simulations, will beuseful for the design of original PECL systems for chemical sensing or photodetection

Automated summary

This study investigates the application of photoinduced electrochemiluminescence (PECL) in designing anti-Stokes systems that convert infrared (IR) into visible light without direct electrical contact. By studying different types of Si-based closed bipolar electrodes (BPEs), it was found that bright and long-lasting emission can be triggered by external bias and IR illumination. The study also demonstrates the control of onset bias and anti-Stokes shift by the employed electrochemiluminescent (ECL) system.