Journal
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Volume 433, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128812
Keywords
Cadmium adsorption; Ecotoxicity; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Vermiculite; Clay-yeast interactions
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Funding
- Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education [0074/L-12/2020]
- FCT/MCTES [UIDB/50006/2020]
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This study found that the addition of vermiculite in yeast can reduce the toxicity of Cd2+ and enhance the adsorption capacity of yeast for Cd2+.
A new adsorbent that combines mineral vermiculite with the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, was used for Cd2+ removal. The influence of vermiculite presence on the toxic effects of Cd2+ to Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast was evaluated as a function of the microorganisms' respiratory activity (CO2 production). The Cd2+ toxicity increased with prolonged exposure time reaching the LC50 value of 857 and 489 mg L-1 after 30 and 120 min, respectively. The yeast managed to bioaccumulate 25.0 +/- 0.6 mg g(-1) of Cd2+ at the initial Cd2+ concentration of 741.9 mg L-1; the maximum Cd2+ adsorption capacity of vermiculite reached 25 +/- 5 mg g(-1). The addition of the mineral decreased the cations toxic effect; the LC20 value in vermiculite absence attained approximately 200 mg L-1 after 30 min and decreased to 80 mg L-1 after 2 h, while in the bio-mineral system it was at the level of 435 +/- 50 mg L-1 without a significant change in time. The mineral provided a superior living environment for the yeast by removing part of the cations, releasing essential microelements and providing a protective, clay hutch-like habitat for the cells.
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