Journal
JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES
Volume 45, Issue 11, Pages 1683-1698Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13691
Keywords
catfish; Edwardsiella anguillarum; Edwardsiella piscicida; Edwardsiella tarda; histopathology
Funding
- Agricultural Research Service
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia
- Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, Mississippi State University
- University of Georgia
- united states department of agriculuture
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This study clarifies the pathology of E. tarda, E. piscicida, and E. anguillarum infections in farm-raised catfish in the US. The results show that E. piscicida causes the most severe pathology, while E. anguillarum and E. tarda only warrant minimal concern. Additionally, some cross-protective effects were observed among E. piscicida, E. anguillarum, and E. ictaluri.
In the mid-2010s, Edwardsiella tarda was reaffiliated into three discrete taxa (E. anguillarum, E. piscicida, and E. tarda), obscuring previous descriptions of E. tarda-induced pathology in fish. To clarify ambiguity regarding the pathology of E. tarda, E. piscicida, and E. anguillarum infections in US farm-raised catfish, channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), blue catfish (I. furcatus), and channel x blue catfish hybrids were challenged with comparable doses of each bacterium. The most severe pathology and mortality occurred in fish challenged with E. piscicida, supporting previous reports of increased pathogenicity in commercially important ictalurids, while E. anguillarum and E. tarda warrant only minimal concern. Acute pathologic lesions among bacterial species were predominantly necrotizing and characteristic of gram-negative sepsis but became progressively granulomatous over time. After 100 days, survivors were exposed to the approximate median lethal doses of E. piscicida and E. ictaluri, revealing some cross-protective effects among E. piscicida, E. anguillarum, and E. ictaluri. In contrast, no fish that survived E. tarda challenge demonstrated any protection against E. piscicida or E. ictaluri. This work supports reports of increased susceptibility of channel, blue, and hybrid catfish to E. piscicida, while highlighting potential cross-protective affects among fish associated Edwardsiella spp.
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