4.7 Article

Differential IL-12 signaling induces human natural killer cell activating receptor-mediated ligand-specific expansion

Journal

JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
Volume 219, Issue 8, Pages -

Publisher

ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1084/jem.20212434

Keywords

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Funding

  1. National Institutes of Health [AI068129, U19AI128913]
  2. Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy
  3. Irvington Cancer Research Institute Fellowship
  4. UCSF Parnassus Flow Core [RRID: SCR_018206]

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Low IL-12 concentrations are sufficient for the expansion of human NK cells through innate-activating NK receptor-orchestrated differential IL-12 signalling. This study demonstrates that activating NK receptor stimulation promotes differential IL-12 signalling, leading to human NK cell expansion.
Low IL-12 concentrations are sufficient to induce expansion of human NK cells by innate-activating NK receptor-orchestrated differential IL-12 signaling. IL-12 is an essential cytokine involved in the generation of memory or memory-like NK cells. Mouse cytomegalovirus infection triggers NK receptor-induced, ligand-specific IL-12-dependent NK cell expansion, yet specific IL-12 stimulation ex vivo leading to NK cell proliferation and expansion is not established. Here, we show that IL-12 alone can sustain human primary NK cell survival without providing IL-2 or IL-15 but was insufficient to promote human NK cell proliferation. IL-12 signaling analysis revealed STAT5 phosphorylation and weak mTOR activation, which was enhanced by activating NK receptor upregulation and crosslinking leading to STAT5-dependent, rapamycin-sensitive, or TGF beta-sensitive NK cell IL-12-dependent expansion, independently of IL-12 receptor upregulation. Prolonged IL-2 culture did not impair IL-12-dependent ligand-specific NK cell expansion. These findings demonstrate that activating NK receptor stimulation promotes differential IL-12 signaling, leading to human NK cell expansion, and suggest adopting strategies to provide IL-12 signaling in vivo for ligand-specific IL-2-primed NK cell-based therapies.

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